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应用 | Utilities

std::malloc

STD::malloc

Defined in header
void* malloc( std::size_t size

分配size未初始化存储的字节。

如果分配成功,则返回一个指针,指向分配的内存块中的最低%281%29字节,该指针适合于任何标量类型。

如果size为零,行为为实现定义的%28空指针可能会被返回,或者一些非空指针可能不会被用来访问存储,但必须传递给std::free29%。

The following functions are required to be thread-safe: The library versions of operator new and operator delete User replacement versions of global operator new and operator delete std::calloc, std::malloc, std::realloc, std::aligned_alloc (since C++17) Calls to these functions that allocate or deallocate a particular unit of storage occur in a single total order, and each such deallocation call happens-before the next allocation (if any) in this order.(since C++11)

  • 的库版本operator newoperator delete

  • 全局用户替换版本operator newoperator delete

  • std::calloc,,,std::malloc,,,std::realloc,,,std::aligned_alloc%28自C++17%29

对分配或释放特定存储单元的这些函数的调用是以单个总顺序进行的,并且每个这样的释放调用都会发生。发生-之前下一次按此顺序分配%28(如果有%29)。

%28自C++11%29

参数

size-number of bytes to allocate

返回值

成功后,返回指向新分配内存开始的指针。返回的指针必须用std::free()std::realloc()...

失败时,返回一个空指针。

注记

此函数不以任何方式调用构造函数或初始化内存。没有现成的智能指针可以保证调用匹配的去分配函数。C++中内存分配的首选方法是使用Raii就绪函数。std::make_unique,,,std::make_shared、容器构造函数等,以及在低级库代码中,新表达式...

二次

#include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> int main() { int* p1 = (int*)std::malloc(4*sizeof(int) // allocates enough for an array of 4 int int* p2 = (int*)std::malloc(sizeof(int[4]) // same, naming the type directly int* p3 = (int*)std::malloc(4*sizeof *p3 // same, without repeating the type name if(p1) { for(int n=0; n<4; ++n) // populate the array p1[n] = n*n; for(int n=0; n<4; ++n) // print it back out std::cout << "p1[" << n << "] == " << p1[n] << '\n'; } std::free(p1 std::free(p2 std::free(p3 }

二次

产出:

二次

p1[0] == 0 p1[1] == 1 p1[2] == 4 p1[3] == 9

二次

另见

operator newoperator new[]allocation functions (function)
get_temporary_buffer (deprecated in C++17)obtains uninitialized storage (function template)

c.malloc文件

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