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Object.preventExtensions

Object.preventExtensions

Object.preventExtensions()方法让一个对象变的不可扩展,也就是永远不能再添加新的属性。

语法

Object.preventExtensions(obj)

参数

obj将要变得不可扩展的对象。

返回值

已经不可扩展的对象。

描述

如果一个对象可以添加新的属性,则这个对象是可扩展的。Object.preventExtensions()将对象标记为不再可扩展,因此它将永远不会具有超出它被标记为不可扩展的属性。注意,一般来说,不可扩展对象的属性可能仍然可被删除。尝试将新属性添加到不可扩展对象将静默失败或抛出TypeError(最常见但不排除其他情况,如在strict mode中)。

Object.preventExtensions()仅阻止添加自身的属性。但属性仍然可以添加到对象原型。

一旦使其不可扩展,就无法再对象进行扩展。

例子

// Object.preventExtensions returns the object // being made non-extensible. var obj = {}; var obj2 = Object.preventExtensions(obj obj === obj2; // true // Objects are extensible by default. var empty = {}; Object.isExtensible(empty // === true // ...but that can be changed. Object.preventExtensions(empty Object.isExtensible(empty // === false // Object.defineProperty throws when adding // a new property to a non-extensible object. var nonExtensible = { removable: true }; Object.preventExtensions(nonExtensible Object.defineProperty(nonExtensible, 'new', {   value: 8675309 } // throws a TypeError // In strict mode, attempting to add new properties // to a non-extensible object throws a TypeError. function fail() { 'use strict'; // throws a TypeError   nonExtensible.newProperty = 'FAIL'; } fail( // EXTENSION (only works in engines supporting __proto__ // (which is deprecated. Use Object.getPrototypeOf // instead)): A non-extensible object's // prototype is immutable. var fixed = Object.preventExtensions{} fixed.__proto__ = { oh: 'hai' }; // throws a TypeError

Notes

在 ES5 中,如果参数不是一个对象类型,将抛出一个TypeError异常。在 ES2015 中,非对象参数将被视为一个不可扩展的普通对象,因此会被直接返回。

Object.preventExtensions(1 // TypeError: 1 is not an object (ES5 code) Object.preventExtensions(1 // 1 (ES2015 code)

规范

SpecificationStatusComment
ECMAScript 5.1 (ECMA-262)The definition of 'Object.preventExtensions' in that specification.StandardInitial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.5.
ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)The definition of 'Object.preventExtensions' in that specification.Standard
ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262)The definition of 'Object.preventExtensions' in that specification.Living Standard

浏览器兼容

FeatureChromeEdgeFirefoxInternet ExplorerOperaSafari
Basic Support6(Yes)49125.1
ES2015 behavior for non-object argument44?3511319

FeatureAndroidChrome for AndroidEdge mobileFirefox for AndroidIE mobileOpera AndroidiOS Safari
Basic Support(Yes)(Yes)(Yes)(Yes)(Yes)(Yes)(Yes)
ES2015 behavior for non-object argument(Yes)(Yes)?35(Yes)(Yes)9